The lifestyle of the Romani people, otherwise known as the Roma people or Gypsies, has captivated and inspired outsiders for centuries. The Romani are an ethnic group of people whose origin is believed to have come from India, most of whom live scattered across Europe and the Middle East. Although their lifestyle is wonderful and flavorful, it is also a subject of intense scrutiny, not only by outsiders but by the population of Gypsies themselves, as the world has changed drastically since they traveled on their initial journeys. Whether they still exist in their traditional nomadic and itinerant lifestyle, or living in fixed points throughout the world, their culture and traditions remain colorful and thoughtful.
History and Origin of the Roma People
It is said that the origin of the Romani people began in Northwestern India, approximately 3000 years ago, when they migrated westward to Europe. Also referred to as Romany people, their language and culture is derived from the Indic-language family, which includes Sanskrit and Hindi. The name “Gypsy” is a commonly used term for the Romani people, but is of unknown origin. Some historians believe it to be a derogatory term that was taken from the name of Egypt, as the Romani people had initially been mistaken for Egyptian culture.
Romani Culture and Traditions
The ambitious and vibrant culture of the Romani people was created over time, as they spread out over the centuries from their initial journey from India. Therefore, Romani culture has retained many of their Indian customs and beliefs, while at the same time adopting some of the traditions of the countries in which they settled.
Family
The Romani family has always been one of the core components in their culture, therefore much of their tradition, customs, and beliefs are passed down from generation to generation orally and by example. Because of this, it has allowed the culture to stay alive even as they move throughout different countries. The Romani people are known to practice endogamy, often awaiting arranged marriages with strict standards that must be met by potential suitors.
Music
The Romani people have long been renowned for their musical talent. Many great musical talents such as Bing Crosby, Django Reinhardt, and Luis Matos all had Romani roots. Their musical talents include singing and playing instruments, but the primary activity is dancing. Music and dancing is used as a means of celebrating their culture, as it is considered to be a very powerful asset in Roma culture. As a result of their love for music and dance, the Roma created their own distinct style of music called Romani music, which combines both traditional Indian and European influences.
Nomadic Lifestyle
The nomadic lifestyle of the Romani people has been one of the primary aspects of their culture and identity. Traditionally, they would travel far and wide in covered carriages, carrying their horses and belongings with them, and this appears to be the way they still live in some areas, although others have settled in cities and towns.
Occupations
One of the main occupations of the Roma are musicians, but they are also artisans, craftspeople, tin smiths and traders. They sell their craftwork and wares in the local markets, in festivals, or in door-to-door sales. The Roma also often take jobs in farming, construction, domestic labor, and have even been known to do hair braiding. As a result of their love of music and their skill in it, they often provide entertainment for special occasions and religious celebratory events.
Religion
The traditional Romani religious practice is called the “Vatra” and it is derived from the polytheistic beliefs of India. It is a mix of Hinduism, Christianity, and Islam, blended with their own cultural beliefs and practices. The Roma also have traditional ways of interpreting fate and fortune, as well as rituals and ceremonies in which to honor their ancestors.
Language and Vocabulary
The Romani language is derived from the Indic-language family and it is quite distinct from other European languages. It has its own vocabulary, which is made up of both Romani and borrowed words, and it even has its own alphabet.
Dress and Appearance
The Romani people have a distinct style of dress that is reminiscent of the country where they live and which often marks them out as Gypsies. Women wear brightly colored, long skirts and scarves, and have a fondness for elaborate jewelry and accessories. As for the men, they mainly wear a sharp ensemble of baggy pants, a plain shirt with a waistcoat or vest, and a ribbon in their hair.
Stereotypes and Prejudice
The Romani people have long been the butt of negative stereotypes and prejudice around the world, which unfortunately still continues. They are seen as dirty, lazy, criminal, and even property-stealing nomads, but this could not be further from the truth. Since the Roma people has resided in Europe, they have remained in fixed points, worked hard, and even started their own businesses.
The Gypsy lifestyle and the culture of the Roma people is one of the most colorful and interesting on the planet. They have endured misunderstandings and mistreatments, but have never allowed it to sway them from their traditional way of life and the preservation of their culture and heritage. From their language and songs to their wedding traditions and clothing, the Romani people have much to offer the world, if only the world could take the time to understand and appreciate them.
